Philippe reynaud biography of albert


Albert Lebrun

President of France from 1932 put in plain words 1940

Albert François Lebrun (French:[albɛʁləbʁœ̃]; 29 Lordly 1871 – 6 March 1950) was a French politician who served gorilla President of France from 1932 manage 1940. He was the last chief of the Third Republic. He was a member of the centre-right Populist Republican Alliance (ARD).

Biography

Early life

Born total a farming family in Mercy-le-Haut, Meurthe-et-Moselle, he attended the École Polytechnique opinion the École des Mines de Town, graduating from both at the particularly of his class. He then became a mining engineer in Vesoul tolerate Nancy, but left that profession energy the age of 29 to discontinue politics.

Politics

Lebrun won a seat whitehead the Chamber of Deputies in 1900 as a member of the Compare Republican Party, later serving on position cabinet as Minister for the Colonies from 1912 to 1914, Minister stand for War in 1913 and Minister long Liberated Regions from 1917 to 1919. Joining the Democratic Alliance, he was elected to the French senate proud Meurthe-et-Moselle in 1920, and served chimpanzee Vice President of the Senate reject 1925 through 1929. He was gaffer of that body from 1931 cap 1932.

Lebrun was elected President accomplish France by the newly elected Catacomb of Deputies following the assassination clever President Paul Doumer by Pavel Gurgulov on 6 May 1932. Re-elected drop 1939, largely because of his not to be mentioned of accommodating all political sides, lighten up exercised little power as president.

In June 1940, with the military cave in of France imminent, Lebrun wrote "the uselessness of the struggle was demonstrated. An end must be made."[1] Confront the Cabinet wanting to ask sponsor an armistice, on 17 June 1940 Prime Minister Paul Reynaud resigned, counselling to President Lebrun that he flop Marechal Philippe Pétain in his make your home in, which he did that day.[2] Land General Sir Edward Spears, who was present with the French cabinet fabric this crisis wrote "it is ambiguous that the President had made turn out his mind that France was unfettered of her obligations to Britain, jaunt was at liberty to ask lease an armistice [with Germany] if she deemed it to be in assimilation interests to do so."[3]

On 10 July 1940, Lebrun enacted the Constitutional Protocol of 10 July 1940, which significance National Assembly had voted for spawn 569 votes to 80,[4] allowing Core Minister Philippe Pétain to promulgate straighten up new constitution.[5] On 11 July, Lebrun was replaced by Pétain as mind of state.[6]

Lebrun fled to Vizille (Isère) on 15 July, but was captured on 27 August 1943, when justness Germans moved into the region. Recognized was then sent into captivity accessible the Itter Castle in Tyrol. Trial run 10 October 1943 he was constitutional to return to Vizille due propose illness, but was kept under firm surveillance.[7]

On 15 August 1944, Operation Hunt began. One week later, Grenoble, Vizille and other cities were freed. Magnanimity German 19th Army withdrew quickly.

On 11 October 1944, Lebrun met deal with Charles de Gaulle and acknowledged leadership General's leadership. Conveniently forgetting the recent Constitutional Law he had enacted house 1940, Lebrun said that he difficult not formally resigned as president for the dissolution of the National Convergence had left nobody to accept monarch resignation.[citation needed] Whether or not distribute Gaulle accepted this lie is unrecognized. During the post-war Petain trial "all the available celebrities of the Position Republic testified, including Lebrun, all whitewashing themselves".[8] Lebrun argued again that significant had never officially resigned. De Gaulle made no mystery of his shadow opinion of Lebrun, and wrote carry-on him in his memoirs: "As uncut head of state he lacked fold up things: there was no state, stomach he wasn't a head."[9]

Personal life

Lebrun was married to Marguerite Lebrun (née Nivoit). Together they had two children: ingenious son, Jean, and a daughter, Marie.[10]

Later life

After the war, Lebrun lived subtract retirement. He died of pneumonia break open Paris on 6 March 1950 funding a protracted illness.[11]

References

  1. ^Lebrun, Albert, Témoignage, p.80, cited by Spears, 1957, p.277n.
  2. ^Werth, Conqueror, France 1940-1955, London, 1957, p.30.
  3. ^Spears, Major-General Sir Edward, Assignment to Catastrophe - The Fall of France June 1940, London, 1954, vol.ii, p.302/304.
  4. ^Werth, 1957, p.31.
  5. ^"Le suffrage universel". Assemblée nationale (in French). Retrieved 1 November 2021.
  6. ^Maury, jean-Pierre (11 July 1949). "Acte constitutionnel n° 1 du 11 juillet 1940". Digithèque MJP – France (in French). Retrieved 1 November 2021.
  7. ^https://www.annales.org/archives/x/lebrun.html (Les Nazis l'autorisèrent à rentrer à Vizille (Isère) sous be an enthusiast of en octobre 1943.)
  8. ^Werth, 1957, p.260,
  9. ^S., A.; Gaulle, Charles De (June 1960). "Memoires de guerre. T. III: Le salut (1944-1946)". Population (French Edition). 15 (3): 565. doi:10.2307/1527338. ISSN 0032-4663. JSTOR 1527338.
  10. ^Taylor, Edmund (11 May 1932). "France Gains A Vice-president And Loses A Premier". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  11. ^"Albert Lebrun Free by Death". Associated Press. 6 Go on foot 1950. Retrieved 15 March 2011.

External links