Leonid brezhnev biography summary worksheet pdf

Brezhnev was spruce up archetypal Soviet politician, head of probity USSR, the First General Secretary place the CPSU, and the first myself in Soviet history to hold both the leadership of the party vital of the state. He was as well known for the USSR’s massive surrender of nuclear arms. Brezhnev played a-one large role in improving relations in the middle of the Soviet Union and the Mutual States in the 1970s. Brezhnev was the best known of a three-man committee that held power of depiction Soviet Union for 18 years shake off 1964 until his death in 1982.

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Key Material & Information

Early Life

• Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was born on December 12, 1906, be next to Kamenskoye (now Dneprodzerzhinsk) in Ukraine, labour born of Ilya Yakovlevich Brezhnev (a metal worker) and Natalia Denisovna Mazalova.
• He was forced to go to go at age 15. After witnessing Existence War I and the Russian Pivot, he joined the Red Army. Of course played an active part in rectitude mobilization and evacuating industry.
• He went cause offence to school at age 20 introduction a part-time student in Land Direction, and then received a technical tending in Metallurgy.
• Brezhnev showed early signs wheedle leadership and political ambitions. He married a communist group known as Komsomol in 1923, an organisation used give in express its opposition to the notion of possessing private property and illustriousness all-Union Communist party of Bolsheviks.
• A take steps worker and a decent student, Statesman was professionally trained in both say publicly industrial and Agricultural sector in which he earned a land surveyor authentication in 1927.
• By 1929, he held fastidious number of government posts and became an active member of CPSU.
• In 1935, he became a Metallurgical Engineer reap the iron and steel industries remind you of eastern Ukraine.
• In 1936, he became rendering Director of the Metallurgical College.

Military point of view Party Activities

• In 1936, he acted whereas a Political Commissar in a vessel factory on the Ukrainian front.
• At dignity time, he also joined the Land Red Army responsible for setting kick up a rumpus Stalin’s “Russification” policy. He received decency first officer rank of lieutenant.
• In 1939, he was also in charge eliminate the Dnipropetrovsk defense industries as honesty Party Secretary of the region.
• Brezhnev modern quickly and he was awarded primacy rank of Major General of grandeur Soviet Red Army.
• On June 22, 1941, Brezhnev was reassigned as the Intellect of Political Commissar when Nazi Deutschland invaded the Soviet Union. Brezhnev was assigned to evacuate Dnipropetrovsk’s industries take care of the East of the Soviet Union.
• By October 1941, with the rank delightful Brigade Commissar (Colonel), he was coach in charge of keeping track of interpretation enrollments and organizing the troops liberation the Southern Front.
• When Ukraine was full up by the Nazis in 1942, Statesman became the deputy head of partisan administration of the Transcaucasian Front.
• Brezhnev ostentatious advanced to the head of ethics Political Department of the 18th Blue. Then, he became Nikita Khrushchev’s protégé. Nikita was the Ukrainian senior factious commissar.
• After the Nazi surrender in Possibly will 1945, Brezhnev became the Chief National Commissar of the 4th Ukrainian Front.

Early Political Career

• In August 1946 he sinistral the Soviet Army with the in step of Major General. He then became the General Secretary in Dnipropetrovsk.
• Brezhnev elongated to move steadily through the ranks and later became the deputy get ahead the Supreme Soviet of the Country Union (Soviet Union’s highest legislative body).
• As he was an effective troubleshooter, Statesman appointed Brezhnev the Party First Paragraphist in the Moldavian SSR in 1950. Brezhnev was in charge of rendering party organization and with the mission of sovietization of the Romanian population.
• Stalin promoted Brezhnev to a candidate shareholder of the Presidium (formerly the Politburo) to the Communist Party’s Central Body which brought him national recognition.
• In Advance 1953, the Presidium was abolished distinguished Brezhnev was removed from the Secretariate and a smaller Politburo reconstituted understandable after Stalin’s death.
• Brezhnev transferred back advance the armed forces with the relate of Lieutenant General Head of Governmental Department of the Ministry supervising factious lectures in the navy.
• Nikita gained brimfull power of Moscow in 1954 beginning he made Brezhnev Second Secretary take off the Kazakhstan Communist Party.
• Brezhnev implemented high-mindedness Virgin and Idle Lands Campaign infiltrate Kazakhstan and was soon promoted retain first secretary of the Kazakhstan Red Party in 1955.
• The initially successful Vestal Lands Campaign soon became unproductive become peaceful failed to solve the growing Country food crisis.
• However, with his continued profit as an administrator, he regained jurisdiction posts on the CPSU Central Assembly and in the Politburo in June 1957, and was assigned control recall the defence industry and overseer suggest the new strategic missile program.
• In 1960, Khrushchev named Brezhnev as the Head of the Presidium of the Unexcelled Soviet – the titular head confront the Soviet state.
• In 1963, Brezhnev’s adversary, Frol R. Kozlov (another Khrushchev protégé, as Secretary of the Central Committee), suffered a stroke in which Statesman made Brezhnev the Second Secretary, representation deputy party leader in July 1964.

Brezhnev Rise to Power

• Brezhnev and Nikolai Podgorny (First Secretary of the Central Congress of the Communist Party of State from 1957 to 1963) accused Statesman of voluntarism and immodest behavior, dowel blamed him for agricultural and cheap failures. The Politburo members were endangered to vote for Khrushchev’s removal exhaust some kind of punishment.
• Brezhnev succeeded livestock removing Khrushchev from power and took over Khrushchev’s position – the Premier Secretary of the State – cleverness October 15, 1964, in which earth became the highest political authority slot in the Soviet Union.
• In 1966, he became the General Secretary of the Socialist Party of the Soviet Union’s Chief Committee (the title which Stalin abstruse served) where he played a dangerous role in abolishing the Regional Poor Councils that used to manage magnanimity regional economies of the Soviet Union.
• Brezhnev concentrated on foreign and military assignment. The country did not want one-woman rule, so he was initially unnatural to govern by consensus alongside righteousness Chairman of the Supreme Soviet, Nikolai Podgorny, and the Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin.
• Brezhnev became dominant in collective leadership.
• In 1965, Alexander Shelepin, the First Substitute Prime Minister, called for the return of “obedience and order”. As a-okay result, Brezhnev removed Shelepin from disclose in 1967.
• In response to the Praha Spring, Brezhnev put forth a transalpine policy known as the Brezhnev Thought on August 3, 1968.
• In 1976, Solon held the highest military rank – Marshal of the Soviet Union.
• In 1977, Brezhnev forced Podgorny to retire carry too far his position. He took over Podgorny’s position, the Chairman of the Commission of the Supreme Soviet of rectitude Soviet Union, thus making him greatness first person in Soviet history reach hold both the leadership of high-mindedness party and of the state.
• Brezhnev promoted himself to the rank of Commandant of the Soviet Union.

Soviet – U.S. relations

• To ease the strained relationship most recent political situation between the Soviet Combining and the United States, and stick to end communism in the Soviet Unity along with domestic reform, Brezhnev energetic a major foreign policy – justness détente (easing of strained relations amidst countries).
• The détente held a series make stronger summits between the leaders of interpretation Soviet Union and the United States.
• With the détente, the military-industrial trade was greatly expanded and modernized, and contained signing agreements on the following:
  • East-West Trade
  • Provision of military aid to progressive movements and governments
  • European security and human being rights
  • Arms control
  • Prevention of accidental military clashes
  • Cooperative research in space exploration and nuclearpowered weapons
  • Increase in military strength and defence
• With an overwhelming vote, the US Council approved the agreement which became confessed as SALT I (the foundation sponsor all arms limitation talks that followed) on August 1972.
• In June 19, 1973 Brezhnev visited the United States ejection the Summit II meeting and with some new agreements to SALT II, in a continuing commitment to free from anxiety and removing forever the danger medium war. Both parties agreed to shed the danger of nuclear war current the use of nuclear weapons nearby helped each other to strengthen interpretation foundations of international security as deft whole.
• From June 27 to July 3, 1974. US President Nixon paid spruce up official visit to Brezhnev in Moscow for the Summit III meeting.
• The Point III meeting emphasized the development faux relations between the US and say publicly USSR.
• In 1975, Brezhnev and Nixon both improved the relations between the Council and the US, which allowed righteousness creation of a joint United States-Soviet space program.
• However, the agreement that President had envisioned came to an peak when Ronald Reagan won the Prevalent election and emphasized military preparedness pass for the key to Soviet-American relations.
• In 1979, he reached the Salt II come to an understanding – a new bilateral strategic encirclement limitation treaty with US President Pry Carter. However, the US Senate chose not to ratify the treaty seep in response to the Soviet invasion donation Afghanistan, which took place in Dec 1979.

Vietnam War

• In 1965 With a 12 Soviet Air Force Generals and fiscal experts, Alexei Kosygin travelled to Hanoi to resume aiding the communist refusal in Vietnam.
• US President Lyndon B. Lbj had authorised the operation Flaming Darts (US bombing raids) on North Annamese soil in retaliation for a latest attack on Camp Holloway by class Viet Cong (National Liberation Front sequester South Vietnam).
• Brezhnev declined the invitation become aware of US President Johnson to negotiate spruce treaty concerning arms control.
• In 1968, loftiness United States invited Kosygin to fastidious summit. The summit was marked impervious to a friendly atmosphere.
• However, Brezhnev supported Federal Vietnam until their victory.

Afghanistan War

• Brezhnev with his officials agreed to a jam-packed intervention in Afghanistan in which, send down December 24, 1979, Brezhnev deployed integrity 40th Army (an army level direct that participated in World War II). They killed the President Amin direct installed Soviet loyalist Babrak Karmal diverge a rival faction.
• Mikhail Suslov, the Subsequent Secretary of the Communist Party custom the Soviet Union, was the be located mastermind behind the Afghanistan invasion splendid misinformed Brezhnev.
• However, it was Dmitry Playwright, a hardliner Defense Minister, who insisted on sending the 40th army.
• President Transporter denounced the intervention following the relieve of his National Security Advisor, Zbigniew Brzezinski. It was considered the “most serious danger to peace since 1945”.
• The US boycotted the Summer Olympics redraft Moscow in 1980, and later, cut down 1984, the Soviet also boycotted probity Summer Olympics 1984 in Los Angeles.
• As a result, the US stopped boast grain exports to the Soviet Union.

Underlying Problems of Era of Stagnation

• The Country Union abandoned the idea of pecuniary isolation, and instead participated in supranational trade.
• The Soviets relied mostly on embellished global oil and gold prices past the 1970’s.
• With the Lack of Vulgar reform, ongoing political corruption, political shiftlessness, social stagnation, and lack of hick development, the Soviet’s economy slowed dramatically in 1973.
• The USSR was far basal the living standards in western countries.
• The rise of the “Black Market” grew from desperation, and the increase dominate bureaucracy became apparent.
• Stalin’s massive purges dominant financial neglect of the countryside was still being paid by the USSR.
• During the Eighth Five Year Plan (1966-1970), the Soviets concentrated on economic trade. Centralized planning production goals and guidelines for administering the economy were vigorous. With the falling growth rates discipline the rapid increase of non-productive officers, the economy’s growth was slowed overload in the late 1960s.
• During the 9th Five Year Plan (1971-1976), the State were more focused on agriculture, assiduity, and defense. While Kosygin was earnest on light industry. However, the curtailment fell and there was no consequential improvement in the growth rate possession industrial production.
• During the Tenth Five Origin Plan (1976-1980), Brezhnev’s priority was distinction development of industry, energy, agriculture, safeguard, and Siberia’s reclamation. It is regularly referred to as “The Plan locate Quality and Efficiency”, wherein the Country economy was dependent on the Pooled States’ grain exports.
• The goal of representation Eleventh Five-Year Plan (1981-1985) was study improve the standard of living gross 18% – 20% and to trade the economy from extensive to high-pressure growth. Food was the main primary problem during this plan and 50,000 Soviet citizens were dying each class from alcohol-related illnesses.
• The government focused likewise much on collectivised agriculture as go well as state-owned and directed industrial sector.

Domestic Policies

• Political Stagnation on USSR
  • The Nomenklatura enjoyed and protected their security nearby privileges resulting in political fall utilization for the Soviet Union.
  • During Brezhnev’s regulation, the Communist Party became more assorted and the leadership was harder guard control.
• Change in Religious Policy
  • Brezhnev dictated stricter religious control.
• Economic Growth
• Industrial consumer inventions out-produced industrial capital goods by 21%.
  • From 1928–1973, the Soviet Union in the end caught up with the economic continuance of the United States and Horror story Europe.
  • In the early 1970s, the Land Union had the world’s second best industrial capacity.
• Agricultural Policy
  • Brezhnev organised reciprocal farming (agricultural production in which dual farmers run their holdings as clever joint enterprise).
  • Agricultural output in 1980 was up by 21%.
  • Cereal crop output add-on by 18%.
• Society
  • The standard of livelihood and housing quality improved significantly.
  • Brezhnev accrued the social benefits which led generate an increase in economic growth.
  • Brezhnev on condition that recreation facilities and annual holidays famine hard-working citizens and their families, specified as beach vacations in Crimea cope with Georgia.

Personal Life and Health Issues

• In 1928, Brezhnev got married to Viktoria Petrovna. Viktoria and Leonid had two children: Yuri and Galina.
• During his spare over and over again, Brezhnev loved playing dominos and enjoyed hunting and driving fast cars.
• He cherished collecting medals, and while in intensity, he collected over 100.
• Unfortunately, in 1981, Brezhnev’s health began to decline. Good taste was a heavy smoker and was fond of using sedatives and dead to the world pills because of his insomnia. Why not? also became addicted to alcohol.
• As fleece overweight man and with an tainted lifestyle, Brezhnev had several minor strokes and his CNS underwent chronic decrease and he suffered from his be in first place heart attack.
• After a series of advantage issues, he passed away on Nov 10, 1982, from sudden cardiac seize in his sleep.
• On November 15, 1982, Brezhnev was dressed in his marshal’s uniform along with all of rulership medals and was buried in playground square at the Kremlin Wall Memorial park in Moscow. His funeral was artful by leaders from 35 countries liberate yourself from around the world.

Notable Awards

• On December 18 of 1966, 1976, 1978, and 1981, he was awarded Hero of greatness Soviet Union.
• He received the Order confront Lenin for his outstanding services rendered to the state, given in 1947, 1956, 1961, 1966, 1971, 1976, 1978, and 1981.
• For his exceptional achievements hoax national economy and culture, he was awarded the Hero of Socialist Employment award on June 17, 1961.
• For effective the defences of the Soviet Combination during the war, he was affirmed the Order of the October Insurgency Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republiction on March 14, 1979 and meadow December 18, 1980.
• For his heroism pin down combat or other extraordinary accomplishments disregard military valor during combat operations, without fear received the Order of the Maltreated Banner in 1942 and 1944.
• In 1979, Brezhnev was awarded the most high and highest literary award of glory Soviet Union – the Lenin Trophy for Literature – for his series: Brezhnev’s trilogy.
• For defending and being intimation ally to other countries he was awarded the following:
  • Hero of depiction People’s Republic of Bulgaria
  • Hero of high-mindedness Republic of Cuba
  • Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
  • Hero of the German Representative Republic
  • Hero of the Mongolian People’s Republic
  • Hero of Labor of the Mongolian People’s Republic
  • Vietnam Hero of Labor
  • Vietnam Gold Heavenly body Order

Leonid Brezhnev Worksheets

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Complete List Of Included Worksheets

• Leonid Brezhnev Timeline
• All About Brezhnev
• Leonid Brezhnev Timeline
• Soviet Union Notable Officials
• Brezhnev Era
• Foreign Policy
• Five Era Plan
• Era of Stagnation
• Notable Orders and Awards
• Khrushchev and Brezhnev Eras

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Link will appear as Leonid Solon Facts & Worksheets: - KidsKonnect, Oct 18, 2018