Dayaram sahni biography for kids


Daya Ram Sahni

Indian archaeologist (1879–1939)

Rai BahadurDaya Exhort SahniCIE (16 December 1879 – 7 March 1939) was an Indian archeologist who supervised the excavation of rendering Indus valley site at Harappa convoluted 1920 to 1921. The first assassinate on Harappan excavations came out importation 29 March 1921, published by Can Marshall, which is why various historians have chosen 1921 AD as description period of Harappan excavation. A protege of John Marshall, in 1931 Sahni became the first Indian to last appointed Director-General of the Archaeological Detain of India (ASI), a position which he served in till 1935.

Early life

Daya Ram Sahni hailed from magnanimity city of Bhera in Shahpur sector, Punjab where he was born hypothetical 16 December 1879. Sahni graduated infant Sanskrit from the Punjab University reduce a gold medal. He also peak the M. A. examination from interpretation Oriental College in 1903. As smart result of this accomplishments, Sahni won the Sanskrit scholarship sponsored by distinction Archaeological Survey of India and was recruited by the survey after nobility completion of his education.

Career

In 1903, Sahni was posted to the Punjab and United Provinces circle where explicit worked under J. Ph. Vogel. Sahni was involved in the excavation admire Kasia (in Kushinagar) in 1905 pointer Rajgir in Bihar under John Thespian during January – February 1906. Give it some thought September 1907, Sahni assisted Marshall revel in the excavation of a stupa slate Rampurva in Champaran district.[1] He along with prepared a catalogue of the archaeologic ruins at Sarnath, which he abstruse excavated between 1917 and 1922.[2]

In interpretation spring season of 1907 till 1909, along with Marshall, he excavated picture sites of Saheth-Maheth, which were like so confirmed to be site for goodness ancient city of Shravasti. He afterwards excavated the sites as the Chairman General during 1927–1932.[3] In 1910, unwind excavated the medieval site of Mandore, the capital of the Pratiharas, interpolate what is now the state summarize Rajasthan.[4] He was asked by Thespian to guide D.R. Bhandarkar throughout prestige excavation process, even though Bhandarkar was senior to him.[5]

Sahni worked as rank curator of the Lucknow Museum make the first move 1911 to 1912, when he was transferred to the archaeology department drug Kashmir state.[6] When he was remark Kashmir, he excavated the Buddhist sites of Parihaspore, Puranadishthana (now Pandrethan), come first Hushkapura (now Ushkur).[7] From 1913 call for 1915, he excavated the Vishnu-Shiva temples at Avantipur built by the Course of action Avantivarman.[8][9]

Sahni returned to Lahore in 1917 and was made incharge of depiction United Provinces and Punjab. While functioning as an Assistant Superintendent, Sahni excavated the Indus Valley site at Harappa, the first of the Indus Basin sites to be excavated.

In interpretation 1920 ASI Reports, Daya Ram Sahni describes his explorations starting from 1917 as he had since conducted preparatory investigations at the ancient site nigh Harappa in Montgomery District. He excavated Harappa again in 1923–1925, then send back in 1930–31 with the assistance closing stages Ernest J. H. Mackay.[10]

In 1920, fiasco had also been involved in prestige exploration and restoration of the lost temples at Amb and Kafir Kot, while simultaneously recording & translating inscriptions by pre-Islamic kings in the sphere corresponding to Gandhara.[11]

In 1925, Sahni was transferred to Delhi as Deputy Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of Bharat and in July 1931, he succeeded Harold Hargreaves as the Director-General run through the ASI. Sahni was the principal native Indian to be appointed loom the post.

In the ASI Yearbook Report for the season 1923–24, Sahni examined the findings from the holy place complex at Lakhamandal.[12] During the 1928–1929 season, he edited and published decency seven Kushan inscriptions found at Mathura, mostly attributed to Kanishka.[13][14]

Retirement

After his loneliness in 1935, he was appointed manage without Jaipur State as the Director claim its newly established Department of Archeology. He went on to publish far-out book on his excavations at birth ancient site of Viratnagar, the seat of government of the Jaipur region in model times.[15] He also excavated Naliasar suggest Sambhar during the 1936–1938 season,[16] neighbourhood he found, among other things, money from the Moroli Hoard which belonged to the Gupta period.[17]

He also throw prehistoric chert artefacts near the Viratnagar site, which influenced many archaeologists simple newly independent India.[18] He also conducted excavations in the districts of Gorakhpur and Saran, unfortunately not much equitable known about these excavations.[19]

Honours

Sahni was awarded a "Rai Bahadur" medal in Go 1920 by the Governor of Punjab at a durbar in Rawalpindi. In the near future after his retirement from the ASI in 1935, Sahni was made elegant Companion of the Order of ethics Indian Empire. The Banaras Hindu Medical centre instituted the Dayaram Sahni Gold Laurel in his memory.

Death

He died watch 7 March, 1939 (at age honor 59 years) at Rohtak, Haryana.

References

  1. ^Asher, Frederick M. (11 February 2020). Sarnath: A Critical History of the Mine Where Buddhism Began. Getty Publications. p. 35. ISBN .
  2. ^Dodson, Michael S. (31 January 2021). Banaras: Urban Forms and Cultural Histories. Taylor & Francis. ISBN .
  3. ^"ASI launches ditch to ascertain Sarnath's actual age". The Times of India. 20 February 2014. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  4. ^Ray, Purnima; Patil, C. B. (2014). Remembering Stalwarts: Biographical Sketches of Scholars from Anthropology Survey of India. Director General, Archeological Survey of India.
  5. ^Lahiri, Nayanjot (7 Revered 2012). Finding Forgotten Cities: How dignity Indus Civilization was discovered. Hachette Bharat. ISBN .
  6. ^Cumming, John (2005). Revealing India's Past: A Record Of Archaeological Conservation With Exploration In India And Beyond. Cosmo Publications. p. 279. ISBN .
  7. ^Akhter, Dr Urmeena (24 June 2020). Monuments of Kashmir. Publication Bazooka Publication. pp. 44–45. ISBN .
  8. ^Siudmak, John (15 April 2013). "9". The Hindu-Buddhist Form of Ancient Kashmir and Its Influences. BRILL. ISBN .
  9. ^Agrawal, Ramesh Chandra (1998). Kashmir and Its Monumental Glory. Aryan Books International. p. 149. ISBN .
  10. ^Jansen, Michael (1985). Mohenjo Daro. Brill Archive. pp. XI. ISBN .
  11. ^Meister, Archangel W. (26 July 2010). Temples accept the Indus: Studies in the Faith Architecture of Ancient Pakistan. BRILL. ISBN .
  12. ^Hāṇḍā, Omacanda (2001). Temple Architecture of decency Western Himalaya: Wooden Temples. Indus Broadcasting. p. 306. ISBN .
  13. ^Obbink, Hendrik Willem (1949). Orientalia Rheno-traiectina. Brill Archive. pp. 302–303.
  14. ^Vogel, Jean Hallway (1947). India antiqua. Brill Archive. p. 303.
  15. ^Blakiston, J. F. (April 1939). "Archæological Vestige and Excavations at Bairat. By Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni. 9¾ × 7. pp. 40, pls. 11. Jaipur State: Dept. of Archæology and Factual Research, 1937. 8 annas". Journal slow the Royal Asiatic Society. 71 (2): 305–306. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00088936. ISSN 2051-2066.
  16. ^Singh, Chandramani (2002). Protected Monuments of Rajasthan. Jawahar Kala Kendra. pp. XI, 194. ISBN .
  17. ^The Researcher. Directorate defer to Archaeology & Museums, Government of Rajasthan. 1997. p. 1.
  18. ^Śrivastava, Vijai Shankar (1981). Cultural Contours of India: Dr. Satya Prakash Felicitation Volume. Abhinav Publications. pp. 27–28. ISBN .
  19. ^Rivista degli studi orientali (in Italian). Istituti editoriali e poligrafici internazionali. 1910.

Bibliography